The purpose of this article is to discuss the feasibility of using computer-enhanced instrumentation to improve visualization and therefore patient safety during transaxillary first rib resection.

Percutaneous transaxillary approach (PTAX) through the first segment of the axillary artery is not widely recognized as a safe method. Furthermore, PTAX has never been directly compared between ...

Vascular. 2005;13(6):327-335. Since this inquiry 20 years ago, there has not been a formal investigation of this complication. The "punching" injury or the inflicted injury by sharp instrumentation ...