Accurate regulation of the liquid level in a quadruple tank system (QTS) is not easy and imposes higher requirements on control strategies, so the design of controllers in these systems is challenging ...

Load Frequency Control (LFC) and Automatic Voltage Regulation (AVR) are traditionally designed and tuned separately, which may lead to degraded dynamic performance when power systems experience ...

(Editor's additional note: if you are not familiar with the principles and analysis of PID control: you should be; It is the most important, studied, understandable, and applied closed-loop control ...