As critical load-bearing components of high-speed trains, bogies endure multidirectional alternating loads during long-term operation, making their dynamic strain characteristics and structural ...
Woven carbon fiber reinforced rubber laminated composites (WCRLC) are increasingly adopted in impact-critical engineering applications such as marine fenders and aerospace buffers, owing to their ...
The ISO 15630-3, ASTM A416 and ASTM A1061 test standards offer guidelines for testing steel strands. Manufacturers of steel strands are required, through product standards, to test their products ...